"Types of logistics
I. Classification by mode of transport
Mode 1: Air/Shipping
Air transport, loading of goods by aircraft (cargo, passenger).
Price:
Time limit:
Carrying capacity:
Aviation has many restrictions, and has higher requirements on the properties and volume of goods, etc;
Small Tips: the larger domestic airports: East China Shanghai Pudong Airport (general cargo), South China Hong Kong Airport (sensitive cargo)
Mode 2: Railway
Railway transport, through the railway train loaded on the goods
Price:
Time limit:
Carrying capacity:
Because it is land transport, relatively speaking, the requirements for goods will be looser than air transport, there are also restrictions;
Small Tips: Europe's railway is more developed, so most of the railway transport is applicable to Europe.
Mode 3: Sea transport
Sea transport: sea transport, ships loaded with goods.
Price:
The cost of sea transport is the lowest, and the price is stable;
Timeliness:
Maritime transport timeliness is relatively the slowest;
Carrying capacity:
Ocean transport, more friendly to heavy cargo, ultra-long cargo.
Second, according to the carrier classification
Dedicated line
Generally logistics and freight companies will use, customs clearance is generally commercial clearance, characterised by large package clearance, faster time, need to prepay tariffs in advance, i.e., delivery after duty paid (DDP), the price is more expensive than the postal class of channels, generally go to the main countries, over the remote countries generally do not have a dedicated line.
Postal
Generally delivered to China Post or foreign postal transport logistics, postal logistics, customs clearance is generally postal clearance, characterised by a single ticket clearance, the time limit is longer, by the recipient to pay the tax incurred in customs clearance, that is, the delivery of duty unpaid (DDU), the price is generally cheaper, and can be to the country is also more.
Commercial Express
Generally refers to DHL, Fedex and UPS three major international commercial courier, characterised by fast time, can go to more countries, the price is expensive.
Logistics constraints
Logistics constraints 1: size
As the final issue of goods to be boxed, so there will be restrictions on the size of the parcel.
Postal category: the sum of the three sides is less than 90CM
Dedicated category: maximum size of 60CM * 40CM * 35CM
Logistics constraints 2: attributes
Not all products can be sent out, logistics will have certain requirements on the attributes of the product. The system is currently set up a variety of attributes, through the SKU's attribute identification and logistics attribute restrictions, so that special products go to special logistics.
General cargo: ordinary cargo, non-electric, non-paste, non-liquid, non-metal and other special substances, products that will not have any dangerous effects on aviation flights and people.
Built-in battery: products with electricity, products with lithium batteries and other battery-type items, but there can be specially placed in the battery groove. (Note: Putting a battery into a normal container does not mean that the battery is built-in).
Sensitive goods: liquid, powder, paste, containing magnetic, knives, etc., non-plain goods non-electrified products.
Dangerous goods: goods that threaten the safety of aviation flights, referring to goods or substances that may obviously endanger the health and safety of people or cause damage to property in air transport, such as lighters, fireworks explosives, etc.
Aviation embargoed goods: those that are explicitly prohibited from being transported by aviation regulations, such as plants, soil, drugs, arms, etc.
Gun-like, offensive weapons can not be sent!
Logistics constraints 3: volume, volume
About the throw cargo: that is, bubble cargo, light cargo. Because logistics transport more by weight billing, throw cargo weight is small and occupy more space, will make the overall transport weight becomes low, less profitable, so most logistics companies are not willing to receive gratuitous throw cargo. If you receive the accounting throw, that is, according to the volume of weight billing.
Volumetric weight formula: length CM * width CM * height CM / coefficient of counting throws
Counting coefficient: different logistics service providers, counting coefficient is not the same; generally 5,000, 6,000, 8,000 and so on.
The formula for determining the throw-away goods:
Volume weight > actual weight (kg) - dumping
Volume weight < actual weight (kg) - non-dumped goods".
