"In recent years, lithium batteries have been widely used both in personal consumer products and in industrial production, vehicle manufacturing and other industries. China is the production and export of lithium battery products in large countries, lithium batteries belong to the dangerous goods, in the process of transport may occur fire and explosion and other accidents, its transport safety must be paid attention to.
Definition and classification
I. Lithium-ion battery
Definition: Lithium-ion batteries generally use lithium metal oxide or lithium alloy oxide as the anode material, graphite as the anode material, the use of non-aqueous electrolyte batteries.
Characteristics: rechargeable battery
Lithium metal batteries
Definition: Lithium metal batteries generally use manganese dioxide as the positive material, lithium metal or its alloy as the negative material, the use of non-aqueous electrolyte batteries.
Characteristics: disposable battery
In TDG's Dangerous Goods List, there are 6 UN Nos. involving lithium batteries, all of which are classified as Class 9 Dangerous Goods, as follows:
Declaration Points
Fill in 19 normal and 33 non-dangerous chemicals in "Cargo Properties", "Dangerous Goods Information": non-dangerous goods, no tick. Fill in the correct UN No., hazard class, packing group and packing UN marking.
Export dangerous goods in the accompanying documents to upload the "use of identification results sheet".
Export lithium battery products do not need electronic bottom account number.
General Requirements
About Packaging
1. The general requirements for the use identification of dangerous packages shall be met.
2. To meet the requirements of the corresponding mode of transport of international hazardous regulations in the packaging guidelines.
3. Lithium battery products are not applicable to limited packaging, nor applicable to the exempted amount of packaging.
4. Lithium battery products are not applicable to medium-sized bulk packagings.
5. If it meets TDG special regulation 188, it may not apply for identification.
About labelling
1. The package must be labelled with the exclusive Dangerous Goods Label No. 9A for lithium batteries.
2. If it is posted on the outside of the cargo transport unit, then use the Dangerous Goods Label No. 9.
3. Packages of lithium batteries or lithium battery packs complying with TDG Special Provision 188 shall use the "Lithium Battery Exclusive Marking".
4. Lithium-ion batteries shall be marked on the outside of the product with the rated capacity in Wh.
Size requirements:
Minimum 100mm x 100mm, the minimum width of the inner line of the outer edge of the rhombus is 2mm, the inner edge of the line is parallel, the distance between the outer edge of the line and the edge of the rhombus is 5mm, in the absence of a clear size, all elements should be roughly proportional to the scale of the illustration. If the size of the package requires it, the dimensions may be reduced accordingly, but the symbol and other elements of the label shall be clearly visible.
Label Elements:
Symbol (the upper part is seven black vertical stripes; the lower part is a group of batteries, one of which is damaged and on fire): black; background colour: white; the number "9": underlined, written in the bottom corner, black.
Application Scenario:
For lithium battery products complying with TDG Special Provision 188, apply the labels as shown above, and indicate the United Nations number starting with the letters "UN"; if the package contains lithium batteries or cells with different United Nations numbers, one or more labels shall indicate all applicable United Nations numbers.
Size requirements:
The marking shall be rectangular or square. The width of the shadow line at the edge shall not be less than 5mm. In the 21st revised edition of the UN TDG regulations, the minimum size has been revised from the original 120mm x 110mm to 100mm x 100mm; if the size of the package requires it, the size can be reduced accordingly, but it shall not be less than 100mm x 70mm.
Label elements:
The symbol is black (a group of batteries, one of which is damaged and caught fire) and the edge shadow line is red.
The UN number is here; **The telephone number is here.
For air transport methods, the requirement to show the telephone number on the label will be removed from 1 January 2023 onwards.
Application Scenario:
Only packages containing lithium batteries or cells inside are transported individually by air freight on cargo aircraft.
Dimensional requirements:
120mm x 110mm
Positioning requirements:
On the same side as the Class 9 Dangerous Goods marking, cross-side and corner folding are prohibited.
About product safety
1. Unless the exemption conditions are met, the exported lithium batteries must pass the UN38.3 test and provide the test summary.
2. Each cell and battery pack should have a safety venting device, and it should have a design to prevent breakage by force in case of ordinary accidents.
3. Each cell and battery shall be equipped with an effective device to prevent external short circuit.
4. Each battery containing a number of cells or series of cells connected in parallel shall be fitted with effective devices (e.g. diodes, fuses, etc.) necessary to prevent danger from reverse currents.
